Hammer mechanism for rock-crushing and other purposes



.J. R. ABBOTT.

HAMMER MECHANISM FOR ROCK CRUSHING AND OTHER PURPOSES. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 1. 191a.

1,316,406. PatentedSept. 16, 1919.

T 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

9 r I --r THE COLUIIIA muomuum c0 WASHINGTON, n. c.

J. R. ABBOTT.

. HAMMER MECHANISM FOR ROCK CRUSHING AND OTHER PURPOSES.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 1, 191,8.

PatentedSept. 16, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. R. ABBOTT.

HAMMER MECHANISM FOR ROCK CRUSHING AND OTHER PURPOSES.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. I, 1918- '1 ,31 6,406. Patented Sept. 16, 1919.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3- J. R. ABBOTT. HAMMER MECHANISM FOR ROCK CRUSHING AND OTHER PURPOSES.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. I, 1918.

Patented Sept. 16, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4 m/vented (17R Fbbo/f UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

J HNR. ABBOTT, or COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA, Assis oR or ONE-FOURTH 'ro LEONA STODDARD AND ONE-FOURTH TO WALTER E. STODDARD, or COUNCIL BLUFFs,

IOWA.

HAMMER MECHANISM FOR ROCK-ORUSHING AND OTHER PURPOSES.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN R. ABBo'rr, a citizen of the United States, residing at Council Bluifs, county of Pottawattamie, and State of Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hammer Mechanism for Rock-Crushing and other Purposes; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in hammer mechanism adapted for various uses, two of which are illustrated in the drawing, ,one construction showing the hammer employed in connection with anvils, while the other form shows the same in use for rock crushing. and in combination with crushing jaws which are opened and closed during the operation of the hammer and in such a manner that the function of the hammer cooperates with the jaw mechanism.

My improved hammer is of the reciprocating type and is mounted upon a wheel, the wheel carrying a relatively stiff leaf spring which is centrally provided with an eye which surrounds the hub of the wheel, the extremity of the spring being remote from the hammer and being anchored in a counter-weight, while the hammer extremity of the spring passes through an elongated opening formed in the rim of the wheel which.

yields forthe rebound of the hammer after the striking of the blow, the rebound being utilized to reduce the power required in making the reverse movement or the movement immediately following the striking of a blow.

Havingbriefly outlined the invention as well as some of the functions which it'is in- 45 tended to perform, I will proceed to describe the same in detail, reference being made to the accompanying drawing, in which is illustrated an embodiment thereof.

Inthis drawing:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved hammer construction illustrating the use of the same with two anvils, one at ranged. on each side of the hammer carrying wheel.

Specification of Letters [Patent Patented Sept, 16 1919, Application filed March 1, 1918. Serial No. 219,919.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the construction'shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 33, Fig. l, the parts being shown on a larger scale. i 3

Fig. 4 is a section taken on the line 1-4, Fig. 1 viewed in thedirection of thearrows and shown on a larger scale. 1

Fig. 5 is a section taken on the line 55, Fig. 41, viewed in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 6 is a section taken on theline 66, F ig- 4, looking toward the left.

Fig. 7 is a side elevationjpartly in section illustrating my improved hammer mechanism employed for rock crushing purposes and in cooperation with crushing jaws. This view is a section 'take'n on the line 77, Fig. 8.

Fig. 8 is a top plan view tion shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a section taken on the line 99, Fig. 7. c c v a i Fig. 10 is a fragmentary, perspective View of the rock crushing jaws, mortar and feed chute adapted for use with the hammer construction, illustrated'in the other views, the parts being shown on a much larger scale.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all the views.

Referring first more particularly to views 1 to 6 inclusive,let'the numeral .5 designate a suitable stationary frame composed, as illustrated in the drawing, of two upright members 6, each of which is vertically slotted at its upper extremity,fas shown at 7 to receive vertically movablejournal boxes .8 and a shaft 9, the shaft together with the journal boxes'being vertically movable in the frame members through the medium of vertically disposed screws 10' whose upper extremities are swiveled in the lower extremities of the journal boxes, as shown at 12, the screws being threaded in nuts 13 of the construccarried by the respective frame members and stationary therewith, the lower extremities 1 1 of the screws being polygonal, pref.- erably square in cross section, and fitted into sockets 15 of counterpart shape, formed in the upper extremities of spindles 16 to whose lower extremities areiriade fast bevel gears 17 which mesh with cooperating gears 18 mounted on shaft 19 journalecl in the frame members,-

shown at 20, the shaft being. provided with a 2i foreon venience of manipulation for the purpose of adjusting the main shaft 9 vertically.

To the shaft 9 is secured in any suitable manner a hub 22 of a wheel 23. As shown in the drawing, the hub is keyed to the shaft, as shown at 24. The wheel. 23 has a relatively wide rim 25 which is slotted, as shown at 26, to receive the upper portion 27 of a leaf spring 28, whose central portion is provided with an eye 29 which surrounds the hub 22 and turns freely thereon, the lower extremity of the spring entering a socket 30 formed in a cooperating counterweight 31 formed integral with the rind of the wheel and oppositely located from the slot 26. As, illustrated in the drawing, the spring 28 is fiattened, as shown at 32, on op'posite sides of the hub, while the part 27 upon which the hammer 33 is directly mounted, is flattened at right angles to the portions 32,the two adj ac'ent flattened parts 27 and 32 being given their relative positions by forming a quarter turned twist in the spring, as shown at 34. The part 27 of the sprin passes through a slot 35 formedin' the ammer proper and is secured in place in any suitable manner, as by a stud bolt 36.

As shown in the drawing, the rim 25 of the wheel is connected with the hub 22 by two sets of spokes 37 arranged on opposite sides of the spring. The slot 26 in the rim of the wheel and through which the part 27 of the spring passes, as heretofore explained, is considerably longer than the width of the part of the spring passing therethrough in order to allow the hammer the necessary rebound after striking the blow. This is a very important feature and relieves the structure from the strain which would be incident to the employment of a construction in which the hammer were rigidly secured to the rim of the wheel, or secured to a part rigidly mounted on the wheel. Attention is called to the'fact that by arranging the flattened parts 27 and 32 of the spring at right angles to each other, I am able to utilize the yielding capacity of the body of the spring as needed, and at the same time to utilize the additional strength given by reason of the edgewise disposition. of the part 27 of the spring with reference to the movement of the spring with the wheel. By virtue of this construction and arrangement, the part 27 of the spring is practically rigid so far as any yielding capacity in the direction of the wheels movement is concerned.

For the operation of the wheel, as illustrated in the drawing, I have equipped one end of the shaft 9 with a crank wheel 38, the said wheel being connected with a crank wheel 39 fast on an operating shaft 40, the two crank wheels being connected by a pitman or connecting rod 41 by means of two crank pins 42 and 43, the arrangement being such that as the crank wheel 39 makes continuous rotation, reciprocating or oscillating movement is imparted to the crank wheel or disk 38 in order to impart the necessary reciprocating movement to the hammer, the crank pins 42 being allowed a limited degreeof movement in a slot 7 3 formed in the wheel 38 and engaged on opposite sides by spiral springs 44 which are of sufficient strength to practically maintain the pin in proper cooperative relation with the wheel at all times. These springs perform a shock absorbing function and at the same time compensate for change in the vertical position of the shaft 9.

As illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawing, I have shown anvils 45 arranged on opposite sides of the wheel and forming a support for material 46 to be acted on by the hammer. In order that the striking face of the hammer may at all times be par allel with the horizontal when the blow is delivered, it will be necessary to adjust the shaft 9 vertically to correspond with the varying changes in the thickness of the ma terial 46 to be acted on by the hammer at different times. This adjustment is ob tained by turning the shaft 19 through the medium of the crank handle 21, .s hereto fore explained.

In Fig. 3 I have illustrated three positions of the pitman or connecting rod 41, it being assumed that the operating shaft and the crank wheel 39 are turning in the direction indicated by the arrow 47. It will be observed that when the rod 41 is in the dotted line position, that its extremity connected with the crank wheel 39 is at its farthest limit of movement toward the left, while the extremity of the same rod connected with the crank wheel 38 has reached its limit of movement toward the left, yet such position is not such as toallow the crank wheel to continue movement in the direction of the arrow 48. Consequently, as the movement of the rank wheel 39 continues in the direction of the arrow 47, the crank wheel 38 begins movement in the opposite direction or in the direction indicated by the arrow 49, as indicated by the broken line. position of the rod 41.

Referring now more particularly to the construction shown in Figs. 7 to 10 inclusive, attention is called to the fact that the operation of the hammer mechanism is substantially the same as in the construction heretofore described. Hence, it will only be necessary in describing the last named views to set forth in detail the construction and operation of the rock crushing jaws which cooperate with the hammer for rock crushing or pulverizing purposes. In this form of construction, while I employ two anvils' or abutments 50,- each of these is provided with a cavity 51 forming a receptacle for material to be crushed, which is directed thereinto through the medium of a chute 77 whichcommunicates with the receptacle 51 at one side and beyond the path of the reciprocating hammer 83. Within each anvil or abutment 50 a pair of crushing jaws 52' is mounted to reciprocate, as shown at 5%. The jaws 52 of each pair are pivotally connected as shown at 55 with toggle members or links 56 which are connected together, as shown at 57, the two links at their junction being further Pivotally connected with a crankarm 58 fast 011 an operating shaft 59 having crank arms 60 at the opposite extremities thereof. Pivotally connected to the extremities of the crank arms 60, as shown at 61, are the outer extremities of rods or links 62, whose opposite extremities are pivotally connected, as shown at 63, with disks 64 pivotally connected with short cranks 65 formed on the main shaft or axle 66 of the wheel 23, which pass through the disks beyond their cen ters in order to give the necessary throw or crank action to produce the opening and closing movement of the jaws 52 during the operation of the hammer.

Hence, in the operation of this form of construction, as the hammer 33 is reciprocated with the wheel 23, as heretofore explained in describing the hammer construction, the jaws will be actuated to close on the material within the mortar or receptacle 51 during the striking action of the hammer, the hammer alternately acting in coiiperation with the closing jaws. The construction is such that as the jaws are closing on one side to coiiperate with the crushing action of the hammer, the jaws on the opposite side are opening in order to be ready to close as the hammer repeats its blow.

It will be understood that the necessary material is delivered to each mortar or receptacle 51 through the medium of the chutes 77. The pulverized or crushed material as it leaves the jaws, escapes from the mortar or receptacle through an outlet passage 67. It will be understood that the mechanism shown in Fig. i for the vertical adjustment of the main shaft may also be employed in connection with the corresponding adjustment of the main or crank shaft 66, illustrated in the form of construction shown in Figs. 7 to 10, inclusive.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In hammer mechanism, the combination of a holder mounted to oscillate, a spring carried by the holder and extending beyond the point of oscillation in both clirections, and a hammer head secured to the spring.

2. In mechanism of the class described, the combination of an oscillatory holder, a

spring carried by the holder and. extending beyond the points of oscillation in both directions, one extremity being anchored in the holder while the other extremity .is equipped with a hammer arrangedto have a limited degree of movement independently of the holder.

3. Thecombinationof a-hub having wheel rim segments oppositely'disposed, aspring having an eyeloosely surrounding the'hub and extending beyond the same in both directions, one extremity of the spring being anchored in one segment, while the opposite extremity extendsbeyond theadjacent segment and has a limited; degree of movement independently thereof, and-a hammerv head secured to. the; last named extremity of the spring.j

4. The combination of a rotary hubhav ing wheel rim segments suitably connected with the hub and oppositely disposed, a spring having an eye loosely surrounding: the hub and extending beyond the same in both directions, one segment being reinforced to form a counterweight in which one end ofthe spring is anchored, While the opposite extremity of the spring extends beyond the adjacent segment and is providedwith a hammer head, the hammer end of thespring having a limited degree of movement independently of the hub and rim segments.-- 5

5. The combination of a wheel having a rim provided with a slotted segment and an oppositely located counterweighte'd segment, a spring having an eye surrounding the hub of the wheel and loose thereon, one extremity of the spring being anchored in the counterweighted segment while the other extremity of the spring passes through the slotted segment of the rim and is provided with a hammer head.

6. The combination of a wheel whose rim has a slotted portion and an oppositely located reinforced segment, and a spring having an eye loosely surrounding the hub of the wheel, one extremity being anchored in the reinforced segment, while the other extremity passes through the slot in the rim and is equipped with a hammer head extending beyond the slot.

7. The combination of a wheel having a rim provided with a slotted segment and an oppositely located reinforced segment, a leaf spring having an eye surrounding the hub of the wheel and loose thereon, one extremity of the spring being anchored in the reinforced segment of the rim while the other extremity passes through the slot and is provided with a hammer head, the slot being of a length greater than the width of the spring to permit a limited degree of independent movement.

8. The combination of a wheel having a part of its rim slotted and an oppositely located part reinforced, a spring provided with an eye surrounding the hub of the wheel, one extremity of the spring being anchored in the reinforced part of the wheel rim, whlile its opposite extremity passes through the slot in the rim and is equipped with a hammer head beyond the slot, the slot being of a length to permit a limited degree of independent movement, and means for imparting oscillating movement to the wheel.

9. The combination of a wheel, a spring mounted thereon and extending on both sides of the hub, one extremity being anchored to the rim of the wheel while the other extremity passes through an opening formed in the wheel rim, a hammer being secured to the spring beyond the rim, means for imparting oscillating movement to the wheel and abutments mounted on opposite sides of the wheel and in the path of the hammer.

10. The combination of a wheel, a spring mounted thereon and extending on both sides of the hub, one extremity being anchored to the rim of the wheel while the other extremity passes through an opening formed in the wheel rim, a hammer being secured to the spring beyond the rim, means for imparting oscillating movement to the Copies of this patent may be obtained for wheel, and abutments mounted on opposite sides of the wheel and in the path of the hammer, each abutment having a mortar open at the top and provided with crushing jaws and an operable connection between the jaws and the wheel to actuate the jaws to cooperate with the hammer for crushing purposes.

11. The combination of a wheel, a spring mounted thereon and extending on both sides of the hub, one extremity being anchored to the rim of the wheel while the other extremity passes through an opening formed in the wheel rim, a hammer being secured to the spring beyond the rim, means for imparting oscillating movement to the wheel and abutments mounted on opposite sides of the wheel and in the pat-h of the hammer, each abutment having a mortar open at the top and provided with crushing jaws and an operable connection between the jaws and the wheel to actuate the jaws to cooperate with the hammer for crushing purposes, said means including an operating shaft upon which the wheel is mounted and made fast, and rods operably connected with the shaft at one extremity and with the said jaws at their opposite extremities.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

JOHN R. ABBOTT.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

